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Without quick and appropriate treatment, blood sugar levels that are too high or too low can quickly turn into a diabetes emergency. Test your knowledge and make sure it’s up to snuff.
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Question 1 of 10
True or false? A fasting blood sugar level of 50 mg/dl is too low.
Correct
The answer is true.
Before you’ve had anything to eat or drink in the mornings, blood sugar numbers are generally recommended to be between 70 and 130 mg/dl (3.9–7.2 mmol/l). All before-meal blood sugar readings should be in that range.
If you have a low blood sugar, you should treat it quickly to bring your blood sugar back to safe levels. Take a blood glucose reading (get help if you don’t think you can operate your glucose monitor). If your blood sugar level is less than or equal to 70 mg/dl (3.9 mmol/L), or if it is below the lower safety limit set by you and your doctor, take 15 grams of a fast-acting carbohydrate. Then, sit down and wait 15 minutes before testing again. It’s important to follow the 15 grams/15-minute rule, as over-treating a low can send your blood sugar on a roller coaster ride.
Incorrect
The answer is true.
Before you’ve had anything to eat or drink in the mornings, blood sugar numbers are generally recommended to be between 70 and 130 mg/dl (3.9–7.2 mmol/l). All before-meal blood sugar readings should be in that range.
If you have a low blood sugar, you should treat it quickly to bring your blood sugar back to safe levels. Take a blood glucose reading (get help if you don’t think you can operate your glucose monitor). If your blood sugar level is less than or equal to 70 mg/dl (3.9 mmol/L), or if it is below the lower safety limit set by you and your doctor, take 15 grams of a fast-acting carbohydrate. Then, sit down and wait 15 minutes before testing again. It’s important to follow the 15 grams/15-minute rule, as over-treating a low can send your blood sugar on a roller coaster ride.
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Question 2 of 10
True or false? A fasting blood sugar level of 210 mg/dl is too high.
Correct
The answer is true.
The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) suggests fasting (or before-meal) blood sugar targets of below <110 mg/dl (6.1 mmol/l). The American Diabetes Association (ADA) suggests slightly different targets of 70-130 mg/dl (3.9-7.2 mmol/l). By either standard, 210 mg/dl is too high. Remember that normal results vary according to age (people aged 50 and older will have slightly higher levels). Recent illnesses and medications can also influence glucose levels.
Monitoring your blood sugar levels and keeping them as close to normal as you can is crucial to maintaining good diabetes control and reducing your risk of diabetes complications.
Incorrect
The answer is true.
The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) suggests fasting (or before-meal) blood sugar targets of below <110 mg/dl (6.1 mmol/l). The American Diabetes Association (ADA) suggests slightly different targets of 70-130 mg/dl (3.9-7.2 mmol/l). By either standard, 210 mg/dl is too high. Remember that normal results vary according to age (people aged 50 and older will have slightly higher levels). Recent illnesses and medications can also influence glucose levels.
Monitoring your blood sugar levels and keeping them as close to normal as you can is crucial to maintaining good diabetes control and reducing your risk of diabetes complications.
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Question 3 of 10
An insulin reaction is caused by too much food
Correct
The answer is false.
“Insulin reaction” is another name for hypoglycemia, or a blood sugar low. Low blood sugar is usually caused by an imbalance of the food you eat, the medication you take, and/or your level of activity. It may be that you ate less or skipped a meal, are taking more medicine to lower your blood sugar, are more active, and/or drank alcohol.
Incorrect
The answer is false.
“Insulin reaction” is another name for hypoglycemia, or a blood sugar low. Low blood sugar is usually caused by an imbalance of the food you eat, the medication you take, and/or your level of activity. It may be that you ate less or skipped a meal, are taking more medicine to lower your blood sugar, are more active, and/or drank alcohol.
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Question 4 of 10
Frequent urination and thirst are signs of low blood sugar.
Correct
The answer is false.
Frequent trips to the bathroom and extreme thirst are actually signs of high blood sugar levels. Low blood sugar symptoms can include erratic heartbeat, sweating, dizziness, confusion, unexplained fatigue, shakiness, hunger, and potential loss of consciousness.
Incorrect
The answer is false.
Frequent trips to the bathroom and extreme thirst are actually signs of high blood sugar levels. Low blood sugar symptoms can include erratic heartbeat, sweating, dizziness, confusion, unexplained fatigue, shakiness, hunger, and potential loss of consciousness.
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Question 5 of 10
Shaking and sweating are signs of high blood sugar.
Correct
The answer is false.
Shaking and sweating are typically signs of low blood sugar, or hypoglycemia. However, everyone’s bodies react to blood sugar levels differently in the symptoms they experience.Typical symptoms of high blood sugar include dry mouth, excessive thirst, frequent urination, nausea and/or vomiting, abdominal pain, dry, warm skin, confusion, fatigue, breathing problems, and, in extreme cases, loss of consciousness.
Incorrect
The answer is false.
Shaking and sweating are typically signs of low blood sugar, or hypoglycemia. However, everyone’s bodies react to blood sugar levels differently in the symptoms they experience.Typical symptoms of high blood sugar include dry mouth, excessive thirst, frequent urination, nausea and/or vomiting, abdominal pain, dry, warm skin, confusion, fatigue, breathing problems, and, in extreme cases, loss of consciousness.
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Question 6 of 10
Missing meals can cause low blood sugar
Correct
The answer is true.
Missing meals, aerobic exercise, being more active than usual, too much insulin, and certain medications all have the potential to trigger a low blood sugar reading. Once a low is recognized, it should be treated immediately with a fast-acting carbohydrate, such as glucose tablets or juice. Always remember the importance of following the 15 grams of carbs/15-minute rule.
Incorrect
The answer is true.
Missing meals, aerobic exercise, being more active than usual, too much insulin, and certain medications all have the potential to trigger a low blood sugar reading. Once a low is recognized, it should be treated immediately with a fast-acting carbohydrate, such as glucose tablets or juice. Always remember the importance of following the 15 grams of carbs/15-minute rule.
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Question 7 of 10
Exercise can raise blood sugar.
Correct
The answer is true.
Exercise can raise blood sugar, especially in people who have type 1 diabetes. In this case, it may be due to a lack of insulin. Some people who have type 1 diabetes and find that their blood sugar rises after exercise should talk with their doctor to come up with a plan to prevent after-exercise rises.
Incorrect
The answer is true.
Exercise can raise blood sugar, especially in people who have type 1 diabetes. In this case, it may be due to a lack of insulin. Some people who have type 1 diabetes and find that their blood sugar rises after exercise should talk with their doctor to come up with a plan to prevent after-exercise rises.
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Question 8 of 10
Low blood sugar can’t cause serious damage if left untreated.
Correct
The answer is false.
If left untreated, very low blood sugar can lead to loss of consciousness, seizure, or coma. It may even be fatal. Long-term, chronic lows can also cause cognitive problems, like memory loss and other issues. Although low blood sugar can happen suddenly, it can usually be treated quickly to bring your blood glucose level back to normal. If your goal is tight control, talk to your health care team about ways to prevent low blood sugar, and how to best treat it, if it does occur.
Incorrect
The answer is false.
If left untreated, very low blood sugar can lead to loss of consciousness, seizure, or coma. It may even be fatal. Long-term, chronic lows can also cause cognitive problems, like memory loss and other issues. Although low blood sugar can happen suddenly, it can usually be treated quickly to bring your blood glucose level back to normal. If your goal is tight control, talk to your health care team about ways to prevent low blood sugar, and how to best treat it, if it does occur.
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Question 9 of 10
Blood sugar that remains high for long periods of time can cause serious health problems if it’s not treated.
Correct
The answer is true.
Over time, high blood sugar can cause damage to the vessels that supply blood to vital organs. This can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke, kidney disease, vision problems, nerve problems, and other health problems in people with diabetes.
A single high blood sugar reading usually isn’t cause for alarm; it happens to everyone with diabetes from time to time. However, if you’re having high blood sugar levels a lot, let your diabetes health care team know. Extremely high blood sugar levels can lead to an emergency, such as DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis) or hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome (HHNS; also called hyperglycemic hypersmolar nonketotic coma). Learn to recognize the signs and symptoms of blood sugar highs to prevent emergencies.
Incorrect
The answer is true.
Over time, high blood sugar can cause damage to the vessels that supply blood to vital organs. This can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke, kidney disease, vision problems, nerve problems, and other health problems in people with diabetes.
A single high blood sugar reading usually isn’t cause for alarm; it happens to everyone with diabetes from time to time. However, if you’re having high blood sugar levels a lot, let your diabetes health care team know. Extremely high blood sugar levels can lead to an emergency, such as DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis) or hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome (HHNS; also called hyperglycemic hypersmolar nonketotic coma). Learn to recognize the signs and symptoms of blood sugar highs to prevent emergencies.
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Question 10 of 10
If you have blood sugar lows, or are at risk for them, your family, friends, and co-workers will need to be taught how to give you a glucagon injection in an emergency.
Correct
The answer is true.
Experiencing a hypoglycemic, or low blood sugar, episode can be scary—for you and the people around you. If you should lose consciousness due to a low, no one should attempt to give you food or drink, due to the risk of choking and/or aspiration. Instead, you should be given a glucagon injection, and emergency medical personnel should be called to the scene.
Reviewed by Joy Pape, MSN, FNP-C, CDE, WOCN, CFCN, FAADE 06/14.
Retake this quiz.
Incorrect
The answer is true.
Experiencing a hypoglycemic, or low blood sugar, episode can be scary—for you and the people around you. If you should lose consciousness due to a low, no one should attempt to give you food or drink, due to the risk of choking and/or aspiration. Instead, you should be given a glucagon injection, and emergency medical personnel should be called to the scene.
Reviewed by Joy Pape, MSN, FNP-C, CDE, WOCN, CFCN, FAADE 06/14.